Name
Phragmifiltre® wetlands for full sewage and sludge treatment: UK performance and opportunities for wider implementation
Description
Constructed wetlands are a type of Nature Based Solution (NBS), that in the UK water treatment sector are often mistakenly perceived as tertiary filters bolted onto the end of the WwTW process to provide the function of a rough polishing before discharge. Consequently, the technology has often been overlooked in the primary and secondary stages of the treatment process in favour of conventional grey solutions. This has resulted in missed opportunities for delivery of more sustainable green infrastructure and the associated co-benefits that such systems provide.
In this study we describe how Phragmifiltre® constructed wetlands differ from the first generation of tertiary Horizontal Subsurface Flow (HSSF) tertiary wetlands. We will explain how these systems can provide full sewage treatment without the need for primary settlement and routine sludge management or energy intensive secondary biological treatment. Performance data from UK pilot and full-scale operational systems will demonstrate the solutions technical capability. For example, a 750pe has been in operation at Clabby WwTW since 2019 demonstrating operating efficiencies of >95% for Sanitary contaminants BOD5, TSS, NH4 and high quality 95th%ile discharge quality of 4.10mg/l BOD5, 11.10mg/l TSS and 1.39mg/l NH4.
Authors
Andy Freeman, ARM Group Ltd, UK
A. Harley and D.J. Cooper
A. Harley and D.J. Cooper